Aerosol seasonal variability over the Mediterranean region

Introduction Conclusions References Tables Figures Back Close Abstract Introduction Conclusions References Tables Figures Back Close Abstract The one-year (2001) record of aerosol data from the space borne Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) was analyzed focusing on the Mediterranean region. The MODIS aerosol optical thickness standard product (AOT at 550 nm) provided over both land and ocean was employed to evaluate the seasonal and spatial variability 5 of the atmospheric particulate over the region. Expected accuracy of the MODIS AOT is (±0.05±0.2×AOT) over land and (±0.03±0.05×AOT) over ocean. The seasonal analysis revealed a significant AOT variability all over the region, with minimum values in Winter (AOT<0.15) and maximum in Summer (AOT>0.2). The spatial variability is also found to be considerable, particularly over land. The impact of some major urban sites 10 and industrialized areas is detectable. For the sole Mediterranean basin, a method (aerosol mask) was implemented to separate the contribution of maritime, continental and desert dust aerosol to the total AOT. Input of both continental and desert dust particles is well captured, showing, respectively, a North-to-South and a South-to-North AOT gradient. A quantitative summary of the AOT seasonal and regional variability is 15 given for different sectors of the Mediterranean basin. Results of this summary were also used to test the aerosol mask assumptions and indicate the method adopted to be suitable for the aerosol type selection. Estimates of the atmospheric aerosol mass load were performed employing specifically-derived mass-to-extinction efficiencies (α). For each aerosol type, a reliable mean α value was determined on the basis of lidar 20 measurements of extinction and aerosol models. These estimates indicate a total of 43 Mtons of desert dust suspended over the basin during 2001. A comparable value is derived for maritime aerosol. Opposite to the dust case, a minor seasonal variability (within 15%) of maritime aerosol mass is found. This latter result is considered a further check of the suitability of the methodology adopted to separate, on the basis of 25 MODIS data, the three aerosol types which dominate the Mediterranean region. Abstract Introduction Conclusions References Tables Figures Back Close